What are the Important Parts of Well Stimulation?

[J&J Tamez LLC]

Well stimulation is a well intervention that increases the production of oil or gas by forming fractures on rocks. In tight formations with low permeability, well stimulation is used to crack the rock and create a passage between the wellbore and the formation. Every well is unique. It doesn't matter how much hydrocarbons present in wells. they behave in a unique manner. There are three major techniques of well stimulation. They are used according to the nature of the well and under the observation of experts.

Explosive Fracturing

Under well stimulation services, it is rarely performed because the process involves so many risks and is expensive. High budget larger wellbores often consider explosive fracturing. It is also famous as well shooting. Controlled chemical explosions are used to stimulate wells. In this method, supersonic waves from high-pressure gases create a blast scene, forcing fluids into the formation. The method involves high risks if it is not performed under the observation of experienced engineers.

Acidizing

Another popular method of acidizing is acidizing that is all about chemical reactions. It is a cheaper option than fracking and can be used for new wells. The method works effectively on limestone or carbonate reservoirs. The acid injection contains water and HCL (hydrochloric acid) solutions that are pumped into the well in order to dissolve minerals and composites causing obstructions to the channels such as calcium carbonate. The acid is effective in the calcareous mixture. It opens the channels and restores the flow.

Hydraulic Fracturing

It is currently the most effective, safer and efficient way to cause fractures on rocks for well stimulation. However, the process is complex, it usually gives positive results. It is performed in mature fields and horizontal wells usually. The method is also popular as a Frac Job. The drilling method increases the flow of oil or gas. In fracking, cracks become widened by injecting chemicals, water, and sand at high pressure. The extracted oil or gas is called tight oil or tight gas because it is trapped in hard shale rocks.

With high pressure, water, chemicals sand injected into the targeted area. It causes fractures. Sand doesn't allow those fractures to close. Thus, the well starts gaining its flow. In the United States, fracking is the most popular method that onshore well owners like to choose.

Overall, well-stimulation is one of the most popular ways to extract gas or oil. Which type of methods are suitable for which type of well depends on the rock quality and the company.